Country Rankings
Highest
Lowest
Hungary (1st)
Greece (2nd)
Spain (3rd)
United States (4th)
Bulgaria (5th)
Poland (6th)
Czech Rep. (7th)
Italy (8th)
Slovakia (9th)
France (10th)
Portugal (11th)
Romania (12th)
United Kingdom (13th)
Austria (14th)
Germany (15th)
Sweden (16th)
Ireland (17th)
Netherlands (18th)
Denmark (19th)
Finland (20th)
Source: Julien Labarre. (2024). “Epistemic Vulnerability: Theory and Measurement at the System Level.” Political Communication 0(0).
What does the index
measure exactly?
In every country, the index measures 3 indicators:
● how often citizens believe they are exposed to disinformation
● how much citizens distrust the professional news media citizens
● the percentage of citizens who report feeling disoriented (i.e. who feel they cannot recognize truths from falsehoods)
These charts allow you to see how every country differs on the 3 indicators of the index
See how Swedish society is very disoriented but not so distrustful of the media? Or how Romanians report little disorientation but high exposure to disinformation and high distrust towards the media? The US is very high on disinformation. Hungary and Greece are very high on all three.
